John Dalton and Atomic Theory Outline and Sources free essay sample

This is the general way to his revelations. Be that as it may, nobody knows explicitly how he arrived at the greater part of his decisions about particles. II. Work on the particle and its commitment to the cutting edge nuclear model A. Lavoisier’s Law affected Dalton’s attestation that particles can't be made, obliterated, or partitioned. B. Proust’s Law of Definite Proportions drove Dalton to his Law of Multiple Proportions C. He was attempting to clarify why water assimilates various gases in various extents. D. Commitments 1. All issue comprises of small particles, iotas. 2. Iotas can't be made, decimated, isolated into littler parts or changed into another component. 3. All molecules of a similar component have indistinguishable loads, while particles of various components have various loads. 4. At the point when components respond, their particles join in basic, entire number proportions. 5. At the point when components respond, their molecules some of the time consolidate in more than one straightforward, entire number proportion. 6. At the point when particles consolidate in just a single proportion, they are joining in a 1:1 proportion. We will compose a custom article test on John Dalton and Atomic Theory Outline and Sources or on the other hand any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page III. Commitments which were inevitably disproven and hence are not part of the cutting edge model A. The possibility that iotas that consolidate in just a single proportion do as such in a 1:1 proportion drove him to wrong ends, yet additionally made his hypothesis be dismissed for a long time. B. Another mixed up thought was that molecules can't be isolated into littler parts or changed into another component. C. The statement that all particles of a similar component have indistinguishable loads, while iotas of various components have various loads is wrong. IV. Decision A. His work was significant and primary to present day nuclear model. Sources [1] John Dalton (British Scientist): Atomic Theory. Reference book Britannica Online. Reference book Britannica, n. d. Web. 5 Feb. 2013. . [2] Lefers, Mark, and Holmgren Lab. Northwestern University/Morimoto Laboratory-Definitions. Web based Posting. Morimoto Laboratory. Northwestern University, 26 July 2004. Web. 5 Feb. 2013. . [3] John Dalton Biography. Bio. com. AE Networks Television, n. d. Web. 5 Feb. 2013. . [4] Senese, Fred. Estab lishments of Daltons Atomic Theory. General Chemistry Online: Companion Notes: Atoms Ions: Daltons Atomic Theory: Daltons Postulates. N. p. , 25 July 2005. Web. 5 Feb. 2013. .

Essay on ECG Group Fraud and Liquidation of a Joint Venture in China

Exposition on ECG Group Fraud and Liquidation of a Joint Venture in China Exposition on ECG Group: Fraud and Liquidation of a Joint Venture in China Exposition on ECG Group: Fraud and Liquidation of a Joint Venture in ChinaThis case is committed to examining connections and correspondences issues relating to an interior joint endeavor. ECG Group is a worldwide organization working in the circle of development, computerization and canny control gadgets for structures. Developing Chinese development advertise introduced various chances, and ECG Group framed a joint endeavor between its US-based division, ECG US and Chinese CIG Ltd, separating proprietorship as 60% and 40% as needs be (OConnor, n.d.). Sadly, the administration of the joint endeavor didn't give enough consideration to controlling the activities and bookkeeping exchanges. Therefore the joint endeavor showed up to an enormous negative funds to be paid to deceitful bookkeeping rehearses and the utilization of a Chinese mediator for money trade (OConnor, n.d.).The circumstance at Realton JV demonstrates that it is exceptionally critical to have worked in charge framework s in global endeavors and to contemplate business principles and conditions controlling the tasks. Above all else, ECG US should introduce the aftereffects of the financing review to CIG Ltd. what's more, layout the requirement for monetary examination and court assessment. It is valuable to haggle with CIG Ltd. what's more, offer shutting the joint endeavor as opposed to beginning a protracted preliminary with the two gatherings involved.If CIG Ltd. stays determined about proceeding with tasks, it is prescribed to investigate the details of joint endeavor and Chinese laws as to extra states of ending an outside contributed joint endeavor. Chinese guidelines plot the accompanying foundations for ending a joint endeavor: termination of the terms of agreement, common understanding of speculators, disappointment of one of the gatherings to satisfy its agreement liabilities, genuine misfortunes and powerlessness to work because of government mediations or power majeure, bankruptcy of th e organization, infringement of law, etc.ECG US should above all else audit the duties of CIG Ltd. depicted in the agreement and record protests if CIG Ltd. neglected to satisfy its agreement liabilities, since this will be a sensible reason for completion the joint endeavor. On the off chance that CIG Ltd. is officially satisfying its duties, at that point ECG US can petition for financial protection because of indebtedness and stop tasks because of this explanation.

Professional Business Plan Example

Professional Business Plan Example Professional Business Plan â€" Essay Example > Hotel Entertainment Centre for PetsIntroductionPets have become a part of man social life. Apart from enriching the environment by providing scenic beauty that tourists enjoy, pets play an important role in providing companionship in the lives of human beings in this current era. Dogs, cats, snakes, tortoise, and beautiful gold fish among others, have been used in various situations as pets. The business plan in this case will narrow down to common pets that are kept by majority of people. In this regard, Cats and dogs will be the most appropriate pets that will be referred to throughout this business plan. Various economic assumptions will be used to describe the business environment within which this enterprise will exist. Market NeedsPets have majorly been neglected to animal activists and health specialists who provide the important health services that are needed for the survival of these pets. Most owners of pets do not treat the right owing to the busy schedule of modern d ay bustle and the congestion in urban life. Due to lack of time and increased pressures in life, pet owners allocate very little time for their pets. With most entertainment joints concentrating on adults and children, pets are left to wallow in the boredom of drudgery life. People who sometime pay little attention to their pets will often want the same pets to accompany them to social gathering where the pets are not provided with any form of entertainment to cheers them up. Many people treat pets in a cold way for absence of a variety of services they can offer to them apart from feeding, cleaning and according them treatment in case of an infection. Therefore, if there is an entertainment hotel and centre for pets, pet owners will have an opportunity of giving a treat to their pets for their cordial companionship. Absence of entertainment joints for pets makes pet owners to confine pets or leave them secluded at home for lack of a good place to walk them, or owing to tight sche dules for work. Consequently hotel and entertainment center for pets will provide a place where different pets (dogs and cats), will come to have fun in the company of their owners! The owners will have a chance to interact with other and learn the challenges that come with keeping some types of pets. Evaluation the market needs for pets shows that boredom and secluded lives leads to unhappy pets that make terrible companionship. The congestion in major cities that has been brought about by population upsurge makes it tricky for pet owners to attend fully to their pets just with their home (Pinson, 2004). A hotel and entertainment center for pets will offer a variety of services and goods that will be very necessary for pet owners. Pollutions in major cities of the world make it hard to find safe places where pet owners can walk their pets. Therefore, a hotel and centre for pets will be a good opportunity as a business venture in this era.

Judaism, Christianity, And Islam - 992 Words

Judaism, Christianity and Islam are three of the most recognized monotheistic religions worldwide. These religions are often referred to as the Abrahamic religions because of their history to the founding father, Abraham. Judaism, Christianity and Islam are closely related with varying differences. Christianity was born from within the Jewish tradition, and Islam developed from both Christianity and Judaism. We take a look at some of the major similarities and major differences of these widely practiced and often times controversial religions. Judaism is the oldest surviving monotheistic religion, starting in the eastern Mediterranean in the second millennium B.C.E. Abraham is traditionally considered by all of the religions to be the first Jew and to have made a covenant with God. For those that practice Judaism they believe in one God which was born of a normal birth and his prophets, especially Moses as the prophet to whom God gave the law. (pbs)Jewish law is written in the sacre d text of the Torah. Judaism is more concerned with actions than dogma. The observance of rules regulating human behavior has been of more concern than debates over beliefs in the Jewish tradition. According to Orthodox Judaism, Jewish law, or halakhah, includes 613 commandments given by God in the Torah, as well as rules and practices elaborated by scholars and custom. Jewish law covers matters such as prayer and ritual, diet, rules regulating personal status marriage, divorce, birth, deathShow MoreRelatedJudaism, Christianity, and Islam1538 Words   |  6 PagesJudaism, Christianity and Islam Christianity and Islam are the most influential religions in the world. Judaism has only fourteen million followers across the continents which makes Judaism the 12th largest religion. Although Judaism is not as large as Christianity and Islam, It still has an impact on the world. Prophet Abraham is the called in Islam the father of all prophets and because of that, sometimes Christianity, Islam and Judaism are called Abrahamic Religions. There are many known differencesRead MoreJudaism, Christianity, And Islam1052 Words   |  5 PagesAubrey Fletcher 3/9/15 Humanities Professor Michaud 417868 Judaism, Christianity, and Islam There are roughly 4,200 different religions in the world today, among them the largest are Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. These three religions are more similar then one would think. Christianity is the largest religion in the world with 2 billion followers and are called Christians. Islam is the second largest religion in the world with 1.3 billion followers. They are called Muslims, which means â€Å"oneRead MoreJudaism, Christianity, And Islam875 Words   |  4 Pageshave believed in a higher power or powers. Christianity, Islam and Judaism, the three most dominant religions are no different. They are all Monotheistic meaning they believe in one sole higher power or God. Though they share this common idea and many other similarity, they have many distinct features of their own that make them different as a whole. Many past religions have believed in the idea of multiple gods, Polytheism. Judaism, Christianity and Islam believe in one Supreme creator, MonotheismRead MoreChristianity, Islam, And Judaism1636 Words   |  7 PagesChristianity, Islam, and Judaism All three religions believe and worship the same God but they do it in different ways. Judaism happens to be the oldest religion today but they don’t have an official creed. They aim to teach you about God, the Messiah, human beings, and the universe which makes Jewish beliefs very important to them. But it is important to understand that being Jewish is more of a race and culture than it is a religion. Some Jewish people may have no interest in Judaism. Judaism hasRead MoreJudaism, Christianity, And Islam1679 Words   |  7 Pages Completely Different but Surprisingly Similar Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are all three different religions that many may not think can even be compared. At a glance, the religions are derived from different locations, the members of the religions look and act different, and some of the widely known practices are what make the religions so distinct. However, they are more similar than most people think. In the core of the three religions, many of their beliefs and practices show to be extremelyRead MoreChristianity, Islam, And Judaism Essay1967 Words   |  8 PagesChristianity, Islam, and Judaism represent the three most influential religions in the world throughout history. Judaism is, however, not as widespread as both Islam and Christianity, but it still has a profound impact in the world. Judaism, Islam, and Christianity are also known as the Abrahamic religions because their history is traced to the ancient individual, Abraham who is first referred to in the Hebrew Bible. There are many similarities as well as some differences between these religionsRead MoreJudaism, Christianity, And Islam902 Words   |  4 Pagesmost famous three religions -People of the book- are Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Judaism is the oldest organized religion in the world; however, it only has 14 million followers around the world most of them centered in North America and Israel. Christianity, came after Judaism and have two billion believers around the world, and that’s about one third of the world population. Finally, Islam came after Judaism and Christianity. Even though Islam came afterwards, it spread quickly around the worldRead MoreJudaism, Christianity, And Islam1016 Words   |  5 Pagesthat keeps many people going in life but at the same time, the same reason our world has so many problems and has been torn apart. Through studying the main tenets in call, Judaism, Christianity and Islam were analyzed for weeks. Christianity and Islam take the cake for the two biggest religions in today’ s population however, Judaism plays the smallest role. These three religions, although different, are easily able to be compared and contrasted because of all of the history and information we have attainedRead MoreJudaism, Christianity, And Islam1087 Words   |  5 PagesJudaism, Christianity, and Islam are among the best known and most widely practiced religions today, and have had enormous cultural, ideological, and historical impact on the peoples of every continent. Arguably more so than any other ideological systems, Abrahamic religion has been among the most influential forces in human history. The shared elements of their traditions have allowed them to develop in part through a multi-faceted dialogue with each other. These faiths, despite sharing a commonRead MoreJudaism, Christianity And Islam995 Words   |  4 Pageshistory, different cultures and religions have created ways for the mourners to cope with the tragedy of losing a loved one. In this paper, I will be compar ing the advantages offered by religious traditions for the mourners, focusing on Judaism, Christianity and Islam. In addition, I will be contrasting them with the benefits offered by our modern secular funeral services. To start, Judaism’s priorities are on community and on law. Therefore, Jewish traditions regarding procedures after the death of

Importance of Segregation of Duties - 2844 Words

Segregation of Duties Introduction An important function of the accounting field is to provide external users of financial statements with assurance that the financial information being presented is both reliable and accurate. This basic function of accounting is so important that there is an entire field of experts, called auditors, dedicated to assuring its proper performance. Throughout history there have been many instances in which the basic equilibrium between an institution and current/potential investor has been threatened due to a lack of accountability and trust between the two parties. This issue has been the catalyst for many discussions regarding the proper procedures a firm should follow in order to provide†¦show more content†¦These changes were outlined in the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX). SOX completely revolutionized financial reporting, requiring senior management of firms to sign off on each financial statement that the company issues. It also stipulated that wrongful doing can result in not only termination but also imprisonment. SOX amplified the requirement for companies, requiring firms to maintain proper levels of internal controls when it comes to operating activities. SOX also established the creation of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) which implemented stricter auditing standards for public accounting firms. Not only were accounting firms required to consider internal controls, but they were also required report any significant deficiency directly to the board of directors. SOX stressed the importance of internal controls, and within internal controls it established the need for segregation of duties. Since this time, there have been many additions to accounting policies regards segregations of duties, and many functions of the business process dedicated to it. Business Risk Consideration in IT Auditing Business risks that plague today’s businesses can be far reaching and varied. The greatest business risk any company failing to continue as a going concern. The fundamental accounting principle of continuing as a going concern is a top consideration when conducting an InformationShow MoreRelatedThe Work Of Maria Del Mar Alonso Almeida1390 Words   |  6 PagesThere are 3,418,059,380 women in the world (Geohive.com, 2015) and yet, women, in 2010, earned a staggering 19% lesser in wages across the world (Economist, 2011). Such wage differentials have been a cause of gender inequality and thereby segregation in the workforce across the globe. The staggering numbers of economic contributions of women compared to men has however, highlighted that there are fewer women to men ratios in the workforce due to the where we live, maternal implications (pregnancies)Read MoreIT General Controls Risk Assessment Report Essay1530 Words   |  7 Pagespolicies of and reviewing the operations of the IT department. This cross-departmental committee helps align the goals of the IT department and the firm as a whole, and helps establish segregation of duties at the manager level so as to establish a culture of openness. Taking this idea of establishing segregation of duties at the managerial level, we find comfort in the fact that the Chief Information Officer (CIO) reviews the logs of the VP, Applications. It is also worthy to note that the IT departmentRead MoreAcct 504 Case Study 21101 Words   |  5 PagesFurther, internal controls evaluate all levels of performance. These are addressed with five principles of internal control: Esta blishment of responsibility, Segregation of duties, Documentation procedures, Physical controls, Independent internal verification, and Human resource controls. The 2002 Sarbanes-Oxley Act stresses importance upon guidelines of necessary internal controls for any publicly traded company or corporation. There are several practices LJB Company currently have in placeRead MoreBrave New World: Utopia?1430 Words   |  6 PagesMatthew Cayce Instructor Susanna Holmes Honors Composition II 26 April 2006 Brave New World: Utopia? When one envisions a utopian society, religion, the prevailing presence of social class segregation, and abusive drug use are not typically part of such a surreal picture. These attributes of society, which are generally the leading causes of discontent among its members, are more so the flaws an idealist would stray from in concocting such hypothesis for a more perfect world; not so for AldousRead More CEO and Head of the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors1037 Words   |  5 Pagesthe appropriate tone. The purposes of this memo are, first, to explain the meaning and significance of evaluating control environment; second, to discuss the integrity and ethical values; third, to show the organizational structure; fourth, the importance of establishing commitment to competence; finally, to establish and segregate the division of responsibilities of finance and accounting department in order to establish the appropriate tone. Control Environment Control environment is the stepRead MoreEvaluation Of A Financial Statement Audit1440 Words   |  6 Pageso Misstatements arising from misappropriation of assets. †¢ The importance of exercising professional skepticism. o Professional skepticism is an attitude that includes a questioning mind and a critical assessment of audit evidence. †¢ Discussion among engagement personnel regarding the risks of material misstatement due to fraud. o An exchange of ideas or brainstorming among the audit team members. o An emphasis on the importance of maintaining the proper state of mind throughout the audit regardingRead MoreInternal Controls Essay1295 Words   |  6 Pagesmore responsibilities on corporate executives and boards of directors to ensure that companies’ internal controls are reliable and effective†. (Weygandt, Kimmel and Kieso, 2008) SOX has increased the job demand for accountants and highlighted the importance of this department to an organization. Companies have experienced increased productivity and efficiency since the implementation of SOX requirements, as the tighter controls have force companies to audit the procedures and methods in which theyRead MoreAccounting Information System 31513 Words   |  7 PagesEliminates much of the storage and shuffling of paper documents †¢ Reduces data entry correction procedures Reengineered Purchases/Cash Disbursements Summary of Internal Controls 9 General Internal Controls †¢ Organization controls – segregation of duties †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Documentation Asset Accountability Controls Management Practices Data Center Operations Controls Authorization Controls Access Controls Manual Authorization Controls †¢ Purchases of inventory should be authorized by theRead MoreThe Enlightenment That Changed The Views Of People And Science1225 Words   |  5 Pagespeople and science. As time went on, the Romantic Era started to take form in the admiration of humans and nature. This era continued to have all people seen as equals and focused on one’s emotion. After Romanticism, Western countries discovered the importance of colonization and started to search for new land to attain. Africa and Asia provided the Western countries with what they needed, so they fought for land within these areas for resources and strategic reasons. Although all people were seen asRead MoreThe Civil War And Reconstruction Period Essay1619 Words   |  7 Pagesmoved to the forefront of racial activism. As the primary engineers of racially-separate social reform groups, black women were placed on the public platform of activism, which undeniably boosted their roles as community leaders. The established se gregation and the white supremacy ideals did not discourage black female empowerment during the Reconstruction period. If anything, it invigorated the idea that African American women needed to fight for their communities. In turn, a large group of reformist

Providing Courses Fit for the New Professions amidst the Recession Free Essays

Colleges and other educational institutions assume a very vital role in the modeling and homing of future professionals. They affect not only the decisions of its students in terms of the students’ profession preference; they also affect the future job options of the students. ABC Institution as one of the education pillars of this country in the aspect of being a leading career college conducts activities and launches curriculum fully guided by the mission that the institution set out to achieve in its years of existence. We will write a custom essay sample on Providing Courses Fit for the New Professions amidst the Recession or any similar topic only for you Order Now The mission being â€Å"ABC institution welcomes students of diverse interests, cultures, and abilities and prepares them for careers in thriving fields that are in demand. The core values include providing high quality curriculum, caring and supportive environment, and mentoring students to succeed†. This mission as of the presentation of this paper is now geared towards the creation of a new curriculum under the ABC Institution’s College of Management and Administration that will equip its students with up to date education that will give them an edge in landing professions that proved to be in-demand amidst the economic and financial trials of this period marked by the recent global recession. To better understand the technicalities intrinsic to the formulation of a curriculum, defining the common keywords in the issue at hand proves to be vital. In this proposal the word curriculum is defined as the collection of programs of study or major courses to be offered by ABC Institution (The Free Dictionary (Collins English Dictionary), 2009, p. n. pag. ). Program study or major in this proposal is defined as the set of classes or subjects needed to be taken by the students included in the new curriculum of ABC Institution (The Free Dictionary (Collins English Dictionary), 2009, p. n. pag. ). Lastly, classes or courses are the educational groupings of students that would tackle a focal subject related to the new curriculum introduced by ABC Institution (The Free Dictionary(American Heritage Dictionary), 2009, p. n. pag. ). These definitions will be used throughout this proposal. This proposal is written to distinctively inculcate the values intrinsic to the mission of ABC institution and to the new needs that it will set to fulfill in the next years of its existence. This proposal would compromise between the tenets of ABC Institution’s mission and the specifications of the new programs of study under the new curriculum of management and administration. Compromising between these two factors present in ABC Institution is a must simply because the curriculum should always coincide with the mission of the institution that offers it. Taking ABC Institution for example, the curriculum of management and administration will be designed base on the mission of ABC Institution. This new curriculum will equally welcome students of welcomes students of diverse interests, cultures, and abilities. This new curriculum will prepare them for careers in thriving fields that are in demand. The core values of ABC Institution which include high quality curriculum, caring and supportive environment, and mentoring students to succeed will be used in full swing upon the launch of its new curriculum on management and administration. Approving the launch of these new course offerings of ABC Institution will not only improve the reputation of the institution as a career college; it will also reshape the modes by which this institution provides quality education to its students (Wijesinghe, 2000, p. 1). The creation of new curriculum is one of the most recognized benchmarks of the effectiveness of any institution in terms of being dynamic set in the background that the real world apart from the institution is also very dynamic. Unfortunately, the creation of a new curriculum is not solely dependent on the needs that the curriculum is set to satisfy, resources and other forms of support should be all equally addressed before introducing a new curriculum (Wijesinghe, 2000, pp. 2-3). As said earlier, this proposal pushes forth the offering of the curriculum focused on management and administration in ABC Institution. The reason behind the vigor put on in this paper to prove that doing so is a must only lies on two basic concepts- students will gain an education edge applicable in many fields and professions related to this course are now demanded worldwide. The theoretical and practical education that students will receive from the different programs of study included in this new curriculum will make them a highly viable labor resource in the near future. The units to be included in this program study may differ from the unit requirements of the other programs of study to be included in the new curriculum. Amidst the allowance provided that may cause differences among programs of study, core subjects should be universal in the whole curriculum to insure that the curriculum has a sense of wholeness. Programs of study to be included in the curriculum are still open to changes; however in this paper core programs are encouraged to be introduced alongside with the launch of the new curriculum. Core programs such as Bachelor of Arts in Public Administration, Bachelor of Arts in Corporate Management and Bachelor of Arts in Financial Management and Administration are pushed forth by this paper with the same weight that it proposes the introduction of the new curriculum. These core programs are deemed to be the programs that will provide the competency needed by the future professionals or students as they take on a very new profession landscape upon their graduation. This proposal is not written on mere impulsive instincts and far flung idealism; this proposal is written through the guidance provided by the mission of ABC Institution. This proposal even in its early stages of formulation considers head on the factors that may affect the introduction of its proposed curriculum. Given the ample time of research that was given to formulate the proposal, there are three main factors identified to be internal to ABC Institution- integrity, resource preparedness and foundational education. ABC Institution is laden with the burden that it needs to establish its integrity among its students, targeted hiring field and even among its stakeholders (Gardiner, 2010, p. n. pag. ). These different groups should be satisfied with the overall manner by which ABC Institution provides the programs of study under its newly introduced curriculum. Resource preparedness is also vital to the success of the introduction of the new curriculum because the preparations put on by ABC Institution will insure that the curriculum will not be down played in terms of its manpower and educating credibility (Gardiner, 2010, p. n. pag. ). Faculty members and other staffs of ABC should be prepared in all aspects, particularly in terms of being knowledgeable of the programs to be included in the curriculum, furthermore to the curriculum itself. Departmental turf should also be taken into consideration since the curriculum of management and administration is multidisciplinary in nature (Gardiner, 2010, p. n. pag. ). Faculty members should also be allowed to freely express their insights and criticisms on the newly introduced curriculum. The faculty members are those who would have firsthand interaction with the curriculum and its students; this made them credible sources of new ways of further improving the curriculum upon its introduction. Ultimately, the faculty members should be constantly reminded to handle the programs of study included in the curriculum with the consciousness that the lessons and activities should coincide with the mission of ABC Institution and with the goals of introducing the curriculum (Gardiner, 2010, p. n. pag. ). Finally, the foundations of educating its students under the new curriculum should be constantly assessed and evaluated to insure that educational drifts are being avoided by providing constantly improving modes of education. The foundations that the curriculum will be able to establish in its early years will determine its future as a part of ABC Institution and establishing a good one should be prioritized (Gardiner, 2010, p. n. pag. ). In this proposal there is only one discerned external factor- the in demand labor market. No matter how fluent this proposal maybe in justifying that the establishment of a new curriculum on management and administration is viable will be put to trash unless it will have an established target in the labor demand market. As a hint in the earlier parts, the new curriculum on management and administration is proposed to be introduced to educate and train students to be professionals viable to fill one of the most in demand professions- government managers (Kadlec, 2009, p. 11). This is a labor market that is deemed to be in constant hiring for the next three decades. This demand is neither artificial nor temporary; it is a demand made by one of the most financially influencing event of all times- the global recession. The global recession has increased the demand for government managers because it forced many companies to sought help and assistance from the governments all around the world (Kadlec, 2009, p. n. pag. ). New professions are being created everyday just to manage corporate bail outs and turnovers facilitated by governments; in this aspect alone thousands of available jobs are being created. Aside from this aspect of the global recession; professions on human resources and public affairs are almost equally opening up due to the sudden involvement of many governments with the corporate affairs. This is the major labor market that the curriculum if management and administration seeks to fill in by creating the fittest professionals for the job through the programs of study that ABC Institution offers. The high demand to fill in the slots of government managers is only one of the target industries of this new curriculum. The ongoing demand for financial analysts and market experts are also some of the in demand jobs that this curriculum seeks to fill in (Kadlec, 2009, p. n. pag. ). After presenting every detail of this proposal for the ABC Institution, the one that proposed it realized one thing; there is a huge and almost untapped market of labor demands that ABC Institution can pioneer on†¦so why hesitate? Bibliography Gaff, J. G. , Ratcliff, J. L. (1997). Handbook of the Undergraduate Curriculum: a comprehensive guide to purposes, structures, practices and change. Jossey Bass. Gardiner, L. F. (2010). Designing a College Curriculum. Retrieved July 8, 2010, from www. thenationalacademy. org: http://www. thenationalacademy. org/readings/designing. html Kadlec, D. (2009, June 2). Government Manager: Top Ten Jobs for the Recession. Retrieved July 8, 2010, from www. times. com: http://205. 188. 238. 109/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1901876_1901874_1901854,00. html The Free Dictionary (Collins English Dictionary). (2009). Curriculum. Retrieved July 8, 2010, from www. freedictionary. com: http://www. thefreedictionary. com/curriculum The Free Dictionary (Collins English Dictionary). (2009). Program of Study. Retrieved July 10, 2010, from www. freedictionary. com: http://www. thefreedictionary. com/programme+of+study The Free Dictionary(American Heritage Dictionary). (2009). Class. Retrieved July 8, 2010, from www. freedictionary. com: http://www. thefreedictionary. com/classs Wijesinghe, G. (2000). New Offerings for a New Era: Evaluating the Viability of New Degree Programs . Florida: State University System of Florida. How to cite Providing Courses Fit for the New Professions amidst the Recession, Papers

Reflection and Refraction of Light Examples

Introduction Light can be regarded as a complex phenomenon due to the fact that it is intangible, and its uses in day-to-day life are innumerable. However, the properties and behaviors of light have been extensively studied by the use of simplified models of light constructed using wave fronts and rays.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Reflection and Refraction of Light: Examples – Research Paper specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More A wave front can be defined as a surface that connects light that is produced from a source simultaneously. A ray, on the other hand, is â€Å"a thin beam of light that travels in a straight line† (â€Å"The Reflection of Light†, 2000, p. 1). By using the stated models, the properties of light can be effectively studied. Some of these properties include the refraction of light and the reflection of light. This paper is an in-depth analysis of the facts surroun ding the reflection and refraction of light. Reflection â€Å"Reflection refers to the bouncing of light off a smooth surface.† (Fellers, 2010, p. 1). An example of a common occurrence of light reflection, and that which can easily be seen is the reflection of light off a smooth pool of water. In this case, the environment around the water can be seen in the water because the reflection on the water captures its image. If the surface f the water is perturbed, waves are formed, which scatter reflected rays, and hence disrupt the reflection (Fellers, 2010). â€Å"The angle between the perpendicular line, (the normal), and the incident ray is known as the angle of incidence or the incident angle† (Fellers, 2010, p. 1). On the other hand, â€Å"the angle between the normal and the reflected ray is called the angle of reflection† (Fellers, 2010, p. 1). Laws of reflection Reflection is governed by one law: â€Å"the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflectionà ¢â‚¬ . (â€Å"The Reflection of Light†, 2000, p. 1). Plane mirrors and other objects whose irregularities are so small that the wavelength of light is larger; light is reflected in only one direction. This phenomenon is termed as specular reflection. However, if a surface is so irregular that light wavelength is smaller than its irregularity, it reflects light in all directions. This phenomenon is termed as diffuse reflection. Regardless of whether light is reflected in specular reflection or diffuse reflection, the law of reflection is observed for each light ray (on a microscopic scale). There is also another law of reflection that states â€Å"the incident ray, the reflected ray and the perpendicular line of impact all fall on the same plane† (Kosman, 2007, p. 1). This is mainly applied in forming geometric optics for curved surfaces like concave and convex mirrors. Applications of reflection One of the greatest applications of reflection is the fact that we are ab le to see objects due to their ability to reflect light off their surfaces. The only exception to this principle is objects that are able to emit light. These are very rare. Reflection is also applied in a number of ways by the use of spherical mirrors. These are used in surveillance, in automobiles, etcetera. Movie screens and projectors are made possible by the phenomenon of reflection. The study of the universe is made possible by the fact that the bodies in our universe reflect some light from the sun (Fellers, 2010).Advertising Looking for research paper on natural sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Refraction All of us have at one point experienced refraction of light. When a stick, pencil, straw, and the like are immersed in water, soda, or any other transparent liquid, it is noticeable that the former bends at the exact point where it gets into the liquid. This is an effect of refraction. Refraction can thus be defined as the â€Å"bending of light as it enters a denser medium from a less dense medium or as it enters a less dense medium from a denser medium† (Fitzpatrick, 2007, p. 1). This bending of light is due to the change in the speed at which the light travels in a certain medium due to a higher or lower refractive index. Just like in reflection, the respective angles separated by the normal are called â€Å"the angle of incidence and the angle of refraction† (Fitzpatrick, 2007, p. 1). As light moves to a medium which is less dense, it will be appropriately refracted away from the perpendicular line â€Å"The maximum incident angle possible in the denser medium, in order for the refracted ray to just emerge out into the less dense medium is called the critical angle† (Fitzpatrick, 2007, p. 2). Laws of refraction The laws of refraction are as follows: â€Å"The incident ray and the refracted ray lie on either side of the normal to the boundary of separation† (Fitzpatrick, 2007, p. 1). â€Å"The incident ray, the normal and the reflected ray lie on the same plane, which is called the plane of incidence† (Fitzpatrick, 2007, p. 1). â€Å"The angle of incidence is greater than the angle of refraction when light enters a denser medium from a less dense medium and vice versa† (Fitzpatrick, 2007, p. 1). â€Å"The sine of the angle of incidence bears a constant ratio to the sine of the angle of refraction for a given pair. This constant is called the refractive index of the first medium with respect to the second medium† (Fitzpatrick, 2007, p. 1). This is what led t Snell’s law, commonly used in refraction, which is as follows n1sin (angle of incidence) = n2sin (angle of refraction) (Reed, 2009, p. 1) Applications of refraction Among the main applications of refraction is the use of refraction in the manufacture of optical lens. These are used for correcting defects in sight like myopia and hyperopia. Refraction is also applied in ophthalmology, in which it is appropriately used to determine if an eye has a refractive error. In this case, it is also used to determine the best corrective measures for the eye. Refraction is also commonly applied in underwater acoustics and magnifying apparatus like the microscope and the telescope. There is also the common use of the ideas of refraction in the manufacture of Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) screens. Refraction is also commonly applied in the study of colors. This is enabled by the use of prisms. Refraction is also applied in cameras and magnifying glasses. The twinkling and shimmering of stars is due to the changes in the density of the atmosphere, which make light from the stars to be refracted (Reed, 2009). There is also the phenomenon of mirage which is also an effect of refraction.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Reflection and Refraction of Light: Examples – Research Paper specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Differences between Reflection and refraction Reflection and refraction have a number of differences. One of the main differences between reflection and refraction is the fact that, while refraction can be described as the bending of light, reflection can be described as the bouncing of light. Secondly, in reflection, the incident angle is equal to reflected angle while in refraction; the incident angle is not necessarily equal to the refracted angle. Most of the applications of reflection are based on the idea of light travelling in air, and being reflected off a surface while most applications of refraction are based on the idea of light travelling within the media refracting the light. Thus in reflection, light travels through air while in refraction, light travels through different media. Another difference between the two is the fact that reflection is commonly associated with mirrors while its counterpart, refraction, is comm only associated with lens. Another difference between reflection and refraction is the fact that in reflection, light travels in uniform speed, i.e. frequency and wavelength, while in refraction, the frequency and wavelength of light changes, and thus its speed also changes. Conclusion Light is a very important part of life. Although sometimes the study of the dynamics of light may seem to be confusing, refraction and reflection aspects of light are quite simple, and they have a myriad of applications. As evidenced in the discussion above, refraction and reflection have a number of differences that distinguish them. However, these two phenomena of light also have a number of similarities. First of all, they are applicable in all kinds of waves, including light waves. They are also help to make bodies in the universe visible since some bodies reflect light from the sun, while others twinkle due to the difference in the densities of layers of the atmosphere. Reference List Fellers, T. , Davidson, M. (2010). Reflection of Light. Web. Fitzpatrick, R. (2007). Laws of Refraction at Plane Surfaces, Refractive Index and Critical angle. Web.Advertising Looking for research paper on natural sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Kosman, K. (2007). Laws of Light Reflection. Web. Reed, R. (2009). Refraction of Light. Web. Reflection of Light. (2000). Rays and wave fronts. Web. 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